{"id":919,"date":"2026-05-28T09:46:17","date_gmt":"2026-05-28T09:46:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forum-impl.iti.org\/en\/?post_type=article&p=919"},"modified":"2026-06-16T10:53:02","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T10:53:02","slug":"the-significance-of-keratinized-periimplant-mucosa-2206","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/forum-impl.iti.org\/en\/article\/the-significance-of-keratinized-periimplant-mucosa-2206\/","title":{"rendered":"The Significance of Keratinized Peri-Implant Mucosa"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"article-type":[5],"forum-tag":[16,255],"class_list":["post-919","article","type-article","status-publish","hentry","article-type-feature-article","forum-tag-dental-implant","forum-tag-keratinized-mucosa"],"acf":{"feature_topic":1458,"authors":[1188,1190],"read_time":"10 min","publication_date":"20161114","doi":"10.3290\/iti.fi.45680","excerpt":"Keratinized mucosa belongs to the masticatory mucosa, while non-keratinizing mucosa belongs to the lining mucosa. Dental implants may be installed in either of these mucosal types.","references":"

Atieh, M. A., Alsabeeha, N. H., Faggion, C. M., Jr. & Duncan, W. J. (2013) The frequency of peri-implant diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Periodontology<\/em> 84<\/strong>: 1586-1598.<\/p>\r\n

Berglundh, T., Abrahamsson, I., Welander, M., Lang, N. P. & Lindhe, J. (2007) Morphogenesis of the peri-implant mucosa: An experimental study in dogs. Clinical Oral Implants Research<\/em> 18<\/strong>: 1-8.<\/p>\r\n

Berglundh, T., Lindhe, J., Ericsson, I., Marinello, C. P., Liljenberg, B. & Thomsen, P. (1991) The soft tissue barrier at implants and teeth. Clinical Oral Implants Research<\/em> 2<\/strong>: 81-90.<\/p>\r\n

Berglundh, T., Zitzmann, N. U. & Donati, M. (2011) Are peri-implantitis lesions different from periodontitis lesions? Journal of Clinical Periodontology<\/em> 38 Suppl 11<\/strong>: 188-202.<\/p>\r\n

Boynuegri, D., Nemli, S. K. & Kasko, Y. A. (2013) Significance of keratinized mucosa around dental implants: A prospective comparative study. Clinical Oral Implants Research<\/em> 24<\/strong>: 928-933.<\/p>\r\n

Cairo, F., Pagliaro, U. & Nieri, M. (2008) Soft tissue management at implant sites. Journal of Clinical Periodontology<\/em> 35<\/strong>: 163-167.<\/p>\r\n

Canullo, L., Penarrocha-Oltra, D., Covani, U., Botticelli, D., Serino, G. & Penarrocha, M. (2016) Clinical and microbiological findings in patients with peri-implantitis: A cross-sectional study. Clinical Oral Implants Research<\/em> 27<\/strong>: 376-382.<\/p>\r\n

Esposito, M., Grusovin, M. G., Maghaireh, H., Coulthard, P. & Worthington, H. V. (2007) Interventions for replacing missing teeth: Management of soft tissues for dental implants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev<\/em>: CD006697.<\/p>\r\n

Frisch, E., Ziebolz, D., Vach, K. & Ratka-Kruger, P. (2015) The effect of keratinized mucosa width on peri-implant outcome under supportive postimplant therapy. Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research<\/em> 17 Suppl 1<\/strong>: e236-244.<\/p>\r\n

Gobbato, L., Avila-Ortiz, G., Sohrabi, K., Wang, C. W. & Karimbux, N. (2013) The effect of keratinized mucosa width on peri-implant health: A systematic review. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants<\/em> 28<\/strong>: 1536-1545.<\/p>\r\n

Heitz-Mayfield, L. J. (2008) Peri-implant diseases: Diagnosis and risk indicators. Journal of Clinical Periodontology<\/em> 35<\/strong>: 292-304.<\/p>\r\n

Karring, T. & Loe, H. (1970) The three-dimensional concept of the epithelium-connective tissue boundary of gingiva. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica<\/em> 28<\/strong>: 917-933.<\/p>\r\n

Lin, G. H., Chan, H. L. & Wang, H. L. (2013) The significance of keratinized mucosa on implant health: A systematic review. Journal of Periodontology<\/em> 84<\/strong>: 1755-1767.<\/p>\r\n

Lindhe, J. & Lang, N. P. (2015) Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry.<\/p>\r\n

Martin, W., Lewis, E. & Nicol, A. (2009) Local risk factors for implant therapy. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants<\/em> 24 Suppl<\/strong>: 28-38.<\/p>\r\n

Mombelli, A., Muller, N. & Cionca, N. (2012) The epidemiology of peri-implantitis. Clinical Oral Implants Research<\/em> 23 Suppl 6<\/strong>: 67-76.<\/p>\r\n

Pjetursson, B. E., Thoma, D., Jung, R., Zwahlen, M. & Zembic, A. (2012) A systematic review of the survival and complication rates of implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (fdps) after a mean observation period of at least 5 years. Clinical Oral Implants Research<\/em> 23 Suppl 6<\/strong>: 22-38.<\/p>\r\n

Roccuzzo, M., Grasso, G. & Dalmasso, P. (2016) Keratinized mucosa around implants in partially edentulous posterior mandible: 10-year results of a prospective comparative study. Clinical Oral Implants Research<\/em> 27<\/strong>: 491-496.<\/p>\r\n

Roos-Jansaker, A. M., Renvert, H., Lindahl, C. & Renvert, S. (2006) Nine- to fourteen-year follow-up of implant treatment. Part iii: Factors associated with peri-implant lesions. Journal of Clinical Periodontology<\/em> 33<\/strong>: 296-301.<\/p>\r\n

Schrott, A. R., Jimenez, M., Hwang, J. W., Fiorellini, J. & Weber, H. P. (2009) Five-year evaluation of the influence of keratinized mucosa on peri-implant soft-tissue health and stability around implants supporting full-arch mandibular fixed prostheses. Clinical Oral Implants Research<\/em> 20<\/strong>: 1170-1177.<\/p>\r\n

Souza, A. B., Tormena, M., Matarazzo, F. & Araujo, M. G. (2016) The influence of peri-implant keratinized mucosa on brushing discomfort and peri-implant tissue health. Clinical Oral Implants Research<\/em> 27<\/strong>: 650-655.<\/p>\r\n

Srinivasan, M., Meyer, S., Mombelli, A. & Muller, F. (2016) Dental implants in the elderly population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Oral Implants Research<\/em>.<\/p>\r\n

Thoma, D. S., Muhlemann, S. & Jung, R. E. (2014) Critical soft-tissue dimensions with dental implants and treatment concepts. Periodontology 2000<\/em> 66<\/strong>: 106-118.<\/p>\r\n

Tomasi, C., Tessarolo, F., Caola, I., Wennstrom, J., Nollo, G. & Berglundh, T. (2014) Morphogenesis of peri-implant mucosa revisited: An experimental study in humans. Clinical Oral Implants Research<\/em> 25<\/strong>: 997-1003.<\/p>\r\n

Wennstrom, J. L. & Derks, J. (2012) Is there a need for keratinized mucosa around implants to maintain health and tissue stability? Clinical Oral Implants Research<\/em> 23 Suppl 6<\/strong>: 136-146.<\/p>","endnote":"OWN - ITI International Team for Implantology\r\n CI - ITI International Team for Implantology\r\n JT - Forum Implantologicum\r\n DP - 2016\r\n LA - en\r\n TI - The Significance of Keratinized Peri-Implant Mucosa\r\nOWN - ITI International Team for Implantology\r\n AU - Ioannidis A.\r\n AU - Lang N.\r\nAID - 10.3290\/iti.fi.45680[doi]\r\n AB - Abstract"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forum-impl.iti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/919","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forum-impl.iti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forum-impl.iti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/article"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/forum-impl.iti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/919\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1878,"href":"https:\/\/forum-impl.iti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/919\/revisions\/1878"}],"acf:post":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forum-impl.iti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/forum-author\/1190"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forum-impl.iti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/forum-author\/1188"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forum-impl.iti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/feature-topic\/1458"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forum-impl.iti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=919"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"article-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forum-impl.iti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article-type?post=919"},{"taxonomy":"forum-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forum-impl.iti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/forum-tag?post=919"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}